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Paloset 0.5mg Tablet 1 Strip
Paloset is used for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting in the following conditions:
- Acute & delayed nausea and vomiting
- Uncontrolled nausea and vomiting
- Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV):
- Acute CINV: Occurs on the day of chemotherapy treatment.
- Delayed CINV: Develops days after chemotherapy.
- Radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV)
- Post-operative & post-discharge nausea and vomiting (PONV & PDNV)
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✅ Description:
Palonosetron is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with a strong affinity for these receptors, which play a key role in nausea and vomiting.
- Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV): Chemotherapy drugs trigger serotonin release in the intestines, which stimulates 5-HT3 receptors, initiating the vomiting reflex. Palonosetron blocks these receptors, preventing nausea and vomiting.
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV): Factors like anesthesia, surgery type, and individual patient sensitivity contribute to nausea and vomiting. Palonosetron works centrally and peripherally to prevent these effects.
Palonosetron primarily acts in the small intestine but may also work in the brain.
Pharmacokinetics
- Exhibits dose-proportional pharmacokinetics.
- Absorption & Distribution:
- Volume of distribution: 6.9-7.9 L/kg
- 62% of the drug binds to plasma proteins.
- Metabolism & Elimination:
- 50% metabolized into inactive metabolites via the liver (CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP1A2 enzymes).
- 40% excreted unchanged through the kidneys.
- Half-life: ~40 hours, providing prolonged 5-HT3 receptor binding and efficacy.
Relevant Products / প্রাসঙ্গিক পণ্য
✔️ Paloset 0.5 Dosage & Administration: Adults
- General dosage: Tablet: 0.5 mg once daily. IV injection: 0.075 mg over 10 seconds.
- Chemotherapy-induced nausea & vomiting (CINV):
- Tablet: 0.5 mg 1 hour before chemotherapy.
- IV injection: 0.25 mg over 30 seconds, 30 minutes before chemotherapy.
- Radiotherapy-induced nausea & vomiting (RINV):
- IV injection: 0.25 mg over 30 seconds, 30 minutes before radiation.
- Postoperative nausea & vomiting (PONV):
- IV injection: 0.075 mg over 10 seconds, before anesthesia induction.
- Elderly (>65 years): No dosage adjustment needed.
- Children (1 month - 10 years): IV dose: 20 mcg/kg (max 1.5 mg).
- Patients with renal & hepatic impairment: No dosage adjustment required.
✔️ Side Effects
- Common: Headache, constipation.
✔️ Drug Interactions
- Safe when used with corticosteroids, analgesics, antiemetics, antispasmodics, and anticholinergic agents.
- No impact on the anti-tumor effects of chemotherapy drugs like cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, etc.
- No significant interaction with metoclopramide.
- Does not inhibit or induce key liver enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5), meaning the risk of drug interactions is low.
✔️ Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to palonosetron or any of its ingredients.
✔️ Pregnancy & Lactation
- Pregnancy Category B: No confirmed risk in human studies, but use only if necessary.
- Breastfeeding: Unknown if excreted in human milk.
✔️ Storage Conditions
- Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light.
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The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute
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